Absence of breath sounds in the right thorax-rationale: in pneumothorax, the alveoli are deflated and no air exchange occurs in the lungs. therefore, breath sounds in the affected lung field are absent. none of the other options are associated with pneumothorax. bilateral crackles may result from pulmonary congestion, inspiratory wheezes may signal asthma, and a pleural friction rub may indicate pleural inflammation.client needs category: physiological integrityclient needs subcategory: physiological adaptationcognitive level: comprehensionreference: smeltzer, s.c., et al. brunner & suddarths textbook of medical-surgical nursing, 11th ed. philadelphia: lippincott williams & wilkins, 2008, p. 679.
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