4 hours.-rationale: refrigeration delays the growth of bacteria in the blood. after the blood is removed from the refrigerator, it must be administered within 4 hours. if the blood is administered too rapidly, within 1 or 2 hours, the client could experience fluid overload. six hours is too long because the extended time out of refrigeration increases the risk of contamination and growth of bacteria.client needs category: safe, effective care environmentclient needs subcategory: safety and infection controlcognitive level: applicationreference: taylor, c., et al. fundamentals of nursing: the art and science of nursing care, 6th ed. philadelphia: lippincott williams & wilkins, 2008, p. 1717.