The seed covering the embryo is originated maternally. This maternal part of the seed consists of the remnants of the nucellus and endosperm or seed coat. Sometimes, it covers the other part of the seed by protecting them mechanically and consist of part of the Fruit.
The seed coat is usually brownish or otherwise colored in nature yet hard, thickened and partly impermeable to water. It is water tight that is, it prevents excessive loss of water from within the seed and serves as a barrier against the entry of harmful instantaneous parasites.
A Hard seed coats may cause a condition that prevents growth when environmental conditions are not very favorable for sustained growth of seedlings, also known as Dormancy.
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