Pneumonia-pneumonia: this is an acute infection of the lung parenchyma which presents with cough, fever chills pleuritic chest pains and sputum production. it can be categorized as community acquired pneumonia (cap) including community acquired pneumonia in the immunocompromised host; and hospital acquired pneumonia (hap).etiology pneumonia may be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. bacteria include: streptococcus, pneumoniae, staphylococcus, heaemophilus influenza, mycoplasma, moraxella. viruses include: influenza. para influenza, measles. varicella.clinical presentation the clinical presentation varies from very mild to fatal. the onset may be sudden or gradual. symptoms includes: cough, fever, rigors, chest pains, shortness of breath and altered mental status.criteria for hospital admission: while most cases of pneumonia can be treated successfully in ambulatory care, there a few cases that require hospital admission. these include: extremes of age, the very young and very old confusion or impaired consciousness with onset of illness. hypoxia hypotension co morbid condition
