An integer typically refers to a whole number that is not a fraction. You probably remember the term “integer” when you started learning about algebra or the elementary number theory which includes geometry and arithmetic, but we have been using integers since we were kids.
Some perfect examples of integers are the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and so on or -1, -2, -3, -4, -4, -5, -6 and so on, but we never really knew that we were using integers back then. If a number is a whole number and not a fraction, then it most likely is an integer. That is all there is to it so it is fairly easy to remember and use every day.