Glutathione-glutathione in the cytosol helps to reduce cellular injury from many toxic metabolites and free radicals. adp isconverted to atp by oxidative and glycolytic cellular pathways to provide energy that drives cellular functions, and areduction in atp leaves the cell vulnerable to injury. calcium influx into a cell promotes injury. nadph oxidase generatessuperoxide, which is used by neutrophils in killing bacteria. nitric oxide synthase in macrophages produces nitric oxide,which aids in destroying organisms undergoing phagocytosis. protein synthesis in cells depends on mrna for longersurvival and to recover from damage from free radicals. failure of the sodium pump leads to increased cytosolic sodiumand cell swelling with injury.bp7 10bp8 1517pbd7 1718pbd8 2021
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