In many people’s opinion the diamond is the most beautiful stone that can be mined. Because of its beauty, rarity, and demand it is also the most expensive. Diamond is a metastable allotrope of carbo. The carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the cubic crystal structure that is called a diamond lattice. One of the reasons that diamond is seen as so precious is that it has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any bulk material.
Because of the way diamonds are structured they are unable to be contaminated by most impurities such as boron or nitrogen where as many other stones used for jewelry may be susceptible to impurities.
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