There’s no specific name for this, but this is what a lot of newspaper photographs try to do. They want to tell the story without saying a word. After all, “a picture’s worth a thousand words”. That could be a whole article, after all. The journalism world has a word for it: photojournalism. Basically, it’s a collection of pictures that tell a story.
This was incredibly popular in the 1920s and 1930s, when no one was willing to talk about the issues facing workers, but when journalists could get into the factories relatively easily undercover to expose said issues. Some of these photographs have become incredibly popular. The most popular piece to come out of the 1920s and 1930s photojournalism was Dorothea Lange’s “Migrant Mother”. It shows up in all the history books, and we all recognize it.