From what I could find online, the fundamental component to coding responsive emails on this list is CSS3 @media queries. This is because emails are a type of media, and they need to be specified as such.
Coding is an odd world, and it takes a lot of specific instructions to keep the codes from being poorly executed by the machines. If you write a poor code, you won’t get the kind of email that you want. Part of writing it correctly would be using these queries.
I can’t say for certain how you would want to use them. I am not a coder, and therefore, my answer should be taken with a grain of salt by professional coders.