Mitral stenosis-mitral stenosis is an obstruction of blood flowing from the left atrium into the left ventricle, commonly manifested by progressive fatigue due to low cardiac output, hemoptysis, and dyspnea on exertion secondary to pulmonary venous hypertension. aortic insufficiency refers to the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole; most clients are asymptomatic, except for a complaint of a forceful heartbeat. aortic stenosis refers to a narrowing of the orifice between the left ventricle and the aorta; many clients experience no symptoms early on, but eventually develop exertional dyspnea, dizziness, and fainting. mitral insufficiency refers to the backflow of blood from the left ventricle and aorta; many clients experience no symptoms early on, but eventually develop exertional dyspnea, dizziness, and fainting.