Three arrows that create an endless loop.-recycling involves processing used materials into new products in order to prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reduce energy usage, reduce air pollution (from incineration) and water pollution (from landfilling) by reducing the need for conventional waste disposal, and lower greenhouse gas emissions as compared to virgin production.[1][2] recycling is a key component of modern waste management and is the third component of the reduce, reuse, recycle waste hierarchy.