A general rise in the prices of goods and services over time.-some factors that causes inflation: the cost of production, high wages, high cost of machinery and raw materials, increased government charges(e.g. electricity etc.) main cause: increasing costs of production higher wages higher costs of machinery & raw materials increased government charges (e.g. electricity etc.) d. food bottleneck. due to slow growth of agriculture, over- higher costs are passed on to the consumer via higher