What way the Maya, the Songhai, and the Gupta cultures were similar?

These cultures developed great civilizations without major influence from Western Europe. The Maya civilization developed in an area that encompasses southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. This region consists of the northern lowlands encompassing the Yucatán Peninsula, and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, running from the Mexican state of Chiapas, across southern Guatemala and onwards into El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain.

The Songhai empire was one of the largest states in African history. The state is known by its historiographical name, derived from its leading ethnic group and ruling elite, the Songhai. The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire existing from the mid-to-late 3rd century CE to 590 CE. This period is called the Golden Age of India by some historians.