What is the process of copying a web file from the internet to a desktop called?

The answer to this is downloading. There are various things that can be downloaded from the internet. Some of these downloaded media files are pictures and videos. Some would download text for their research. Just remember that not all of the things that can be seen online are ready to be downloaded. There are some website owners who make it a point to disable right click commands so that their text and other files cannot be copied.

If you are not sure if the information can be downloaded or not, you can look for a download button or ask the website owner about it. If the website owner says no, there are other details that can be downloaded.