The land between the rivers. It was a region in the Eastern Mediterranean. Today it is recognized as Iraq, as well as some parts of Iran, Turkey, and Syria. It also included major cities such as Nippur and Baghdad. The capital of Mesopotamia was Babylon.
The land in the Mesopotamia was Al-Jazirah, which is an island. The two rivers were the Tigris and Euphrates. Mesopotamia had many different cultures, which embraced different gods and ideas. Today, most of the region is now a desert, but during ancient times, it had plenty of rain and flooding.