“These” and “those” are two often used words in the English language. And of course, they have different meanings. Considering the differences between these words, we have to make reference to the words they are coined from, which are "this" and "that." “These” is the plural version of “this,” while “those” is the plural version of “that.” Hence, this and that are used in the singular form, while these and those are used in plural form.
Now, “this” is used to refer to a singular thing that is nearby, while “that” is used to refer to a singular thing that is distanced. Therefore, “these” is used in a sentence for two or more things that are nearby, while you use those for two or more things that are distanced from you. In addition, this and these are usually used for intangible things also, such as ideas or expressions, of which that and those are not really used like that.