Output refers to the measurement of how the things that you do will affect the present status of what you are working on. For example, you have a project that will help people recognize your company more. The output will refer to the type of work that you are creating to become more recognized.
Outcome refers to the effect of the output. If in case your output is successful, the outcome will be that your company will become recognized by your target market. If the outcome is not good, this means that all of your efforts may need to be improved further to get better results.