What is the difference between Fellowship and Residency?

Medical residency is acquired after graduation and internship, while fellowship is done after residency. Residency is additional training on an individual's chosen field of specialty, while fellowship is a further in-depth training within his field. The government funds both, and those who only went to practice medicine can only get a residency. However, those who want to enter academic medicine must have a fellowship.

Those who want to work in small communities need a residency, and those who want to work in a more significant community or medical establishment would need a fellowship as well. The requirement for a fellowship depends mainly on the individual's field of specialization and the area where he wants to practice medicine.