The primary difference between HSV1 and HSV2 is the location where the virus establishes dormancy in the body. HSV1 usually remains inactive in the nerve cells near the base of the neck, and from there, outbreaks tend to occur in the mouth or face. On the other hand, HSV2 usually establishes dormancy in the nerve cells near the base of the spine, and from there, it occurs in the genital area.
When it affects the lips, face or genitals, HSV1 is often more of a nuisance than anything else. When it occurs in the eye, causing ocular herpes, it is a severe infection that can lead to blindness. HSVI spreads to the brain, and it can even lead to death. HSV2 rarely leads to other complications.