Radiation and chemotherapy are two types of treatments that are used in order to treat cancer. Radiation works in such a way that high-energy particles will be used in order to destroy the cancer cells. Radiation will only be used in order to treat the area that is infected with cancer. Chemotherapy would affect the whole body and would try to kill the various cancer cells.
In the process, a person who is undergoing chemotherapy would feel a bit ill because even the healthy cells are being killed by the chemotherapy drug. These two types of therapy are known to be more effective for certain types of cancer. For example, radiation therapy may be more effective for prostate cancer as compared to chemotherapy.