The law of segregation was developed by scientist Gregor Mendel when he observed pea plants. It is one of the laws of inheritance. The other laws of inheritance are the law of dominance and the law of independent assortment. The law of segregation states that when gametes form, the alleles of the gene segregate from one another.
This is done so that the gamete only has to carry one allele for each gene. An example is related to sperm and an egg. During fertilization, eggs and sperm unite. This allows them to each contribute to the allele, which will enable them to restore the offsprings paired condition.
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