The Dartmouth workshop, the full name being The Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, is a workshop where many people feel that the idea of Artifical Intelligence (AI) first began to take shape.
The workshop is not actually much of a workshop, but more like a think tank or large brainstorming session among some of the most intelligent people. The workshop involved several scientists and mathmaticians who for over the course of 6 to 8 weeks to discuss and develop new theories and ideas about the abilities of machines. It was during this workshop that the term Artificial Intelligence was coined.