No, India is not the only country with such a diverse climate.
The US is one of the most diverse country in the world in terms of climatic conditions. The US stretches across 5 climatic zones: the tropical, subtropical, temperate, subpolar and polar.
For example, tropical zone like Hawaii is the warmest place in the US and sub polar region like Alaska is the coldest region in the US.
China is also another country with diverse climatic zones. Other countries with diverse climatic conditions are: Ethiopia, Canada, Chile, Italy, Russia, Australia, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Turkey and France.