While International Women's Day is globally celebrated on March 8, National Women's Day is a South African, public holiday celebrated annually on August 9. National Women's Day is the recognition of the 1956 march of nearly 20,000 women to the Union Buildings in Pretoria to petition against the country's “pass laws”. Those laws required South Africans defined as "black", under The Population Registration Act, to carry an internal passport, known as a pass, that served to maintain population segregation, control urbanization, and manage migrant labor, during the apartheid era. Frances Baird, Lilian Ngoyi, Helen Joseph, Rahima Moosa and Sophia Williams were among the organizers.
The women left 15,000 petitions at the office door of prime minister J.G. Strijdom and stood silently for thirty minutes and then started singing a protest song that was composed in honor of the occasion: “Wathint'Abafazi Wathint'imbokodo!” It means, “Now you have touched the women, you have struck a rock”. The phrase has since evolved into “you strike a woman, you strike a rock.”.