An individual who studies earthquakes is called a Seismologist. Seismologists are trained Earth scientists who study the vibration or seismic waves of the Earth's interior. Seismologists study the genesis and the pattern of propagation of vibration in geological materials such as rocks, clay, sand, and other sediments.
This field does not only deal with the study of earthquakes, it also helps interpret the structures and geological composition of the Earth. When studying earthquakes, seismologists identify possible dangers and strive to figure out how they can be avoided, using certain construction standards. This explains why most seismologists work with companies who are into petroleum exploration.
During petroleum exploration, the vibration or seismic waves created can cause earthquakes. However, with the help of seismologists, these problems are avoidable. There are other seismologists who work by researching the seismic waves, created by both natural and artificial events such as earthquakes, underground nuclear tests, etc.