It is partly, yes. The Rastafari religion developed in the slums of Kingston Jamacia in the 1920’s and 1930’s. It was born out of an environment of great poverty, depression, racism, and class discrimination. Racial oppression may be social, systematic, institutionalized, or internalized.
The rastas message of black pride, freedom from oppression, and the hope of the return to the African homeland was gratefully received. Leaders like Marcus Garvey encouraged pride in being black, and he worked to reverse the mindset of inferiority that centuries of enslavement had ingrained in the mind of blacks.
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