Most photographers manage to take detailed pictures of the moon by this technique.
They use advanced camera like the DSLR because of the quality of picture it takes. Camera is set to manual mode. Aperture between f/8 to f/11 is used. Some use manual focus and others use autofocus.
They use a zoom lens, the longer the lens the better the image. The lens is zoom to atleast a minimum of 200mm.
They also use tripod to prevent any shake. A little blur can have a great impact on the image.
They take the photograph when the moon is full, they use location that is less polluted and they use a clear moon without clouds around it.
Photographers manage to take detailed photos because they have the right equipment. Even if you are not a professional photographer but all the required equipment, you too can take a detailed photo of the moon. You need a DSLR or mirrorless camera with a 200 mm + telephoto lens.
If you only have a point and shoot camera as long as it has optical zoom capability it would be fine. When you have your camera you will need a tripod. Tripods greatly enhance the image quality by reducing shakes when you are taking a photo of the moon. Try it when it is a full moon and there are no clouds at sight to have a good shot of the moon.