Galileo Galilee is often considered the father of science. He was an Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist. He was famous for his huge contributions to the field of physics, mathematics, and astronomy. One of his major discoveries was that the Earth orbits the sun.
While this might sound like common knowledge, Galileo faced a lot of persecution from the Church in a bid to defend his discovery. Before the time Galileo discovered the Earth revolves around the sun, the Church believed that it was the sun that revolved around the Earth.
However, it took the Church about 300 hundred years after the death of Galileo to admit that the Earth revolves around the sun. He was also the one to form the principle of the pendulum. The law of falling bodies also came through Galileo. In his astronomical findings, he discovered that the moon has a rough surface.