Astronomy is the study of locations and activities of the celestial bodies in space. Cosmology involves the knowledge of the structure, origin, and evolution of the universe. Astronomy is one of the oldest sciences, and its origins date back to the beginning of human existence.
It was discovered by accident when men were looking for repeating patterns of motions and orbital motions. Cosmology, on the other hand, is more interested in how the universe was born. It is more concerned about the development of the universe and how it will end up.
The main difference between astronomy and cosmology involves the scale of the universe undertaken for the study. Astronomy came first, and cosmology came later. Astronomy is used to create calendars. Cosmology has theories in mathematics and advanced physics, while astronomy is more based on observational data.