One of the disadvantages of using a within-subjects research design is that there can be a carry-over effect; the results of the first test affecting the next. The second task is not performed as it would have been done fresh, the first having influenced test behaviour.
Then there can be a practice effect, the participants either performing better on the second task because they have relevant experience of it now; or they perform worse than they would otherwise do because they are tired or fed up with the experiment.
1. order effects; counterbalancing
2. repeated questions; equivalent forms/embed in longer questionnaire
Counterbalancing: varying the order of conditions. reduces systematic error, although it increases variance.
another solution to repeated questions is using a between subjects design!
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