Many people recognize cows or cattle when they see them on the side of the road. However, not many people know that certain cows and bulls have certain names depending on a number of factors. These factors include their gender, size and whether or not they have been castrated or not. By definition, a bovine is a more general term for cattle. A bull is a male cow that has not been castrated.
A heifer is a male bull that has been castrated. A baby cow is a calf. Different cows and cattle serve different purposes as well. Any of them can be slaughtered for their beef. Only dairy cattle give milk and they usually give milk in large amounts.
There are some people who normally get confused with how female animals should be called. For example, a male chicken should be called a rooster while the female chicken should be called a hen. Out of all the choices that are mentioned above, the Heifer may be the best answer but remember that Heifer is defined as a type of cow that has not given birth to a calf yet so it may not be the most appropriate.
A bullock is known as a bull so the female version can just be called, a cow. This is simple yet still confusing at times.